اخطاء شائعة في اللغة الانجليزية - الدرس الاول

[أحمد العبدالله]

تحية طيبة ايها الاحبة

قبل ان ابدء بالدرس احب ان اعتذر للاخوة عن تأخر طرح الدرس لظروف خارجة عن ارادتي. وكذلك يجب ان انوه الى ان هذه الدروس مأخوذة من كتاب common mistakes in English للمؤلف T.J.Fitikides

الدرس الاول:
1-
Don't say : The man was absorbed at his work.

say : The man was absorbed in his work.

معنى الجملة : كان الرجل منهمكا في عمله

absorbed in = منهمك في
لتعليق : من هذا المثال نعرف ان كلمة absorbed ستخدم معها حرف الجر in وليس at

2-
Don't say : She accused the man for stealing.
say : She accused the man of stealing.

معنى الجملة : هي اتهمت الرجل بالسرقة
accuse somebody of something =يتهم شخصا بشيء ما

من هذه العبارة نفهم ان الفعل accuse الذي معناه يتهم ياخذ حرف الجر of وليس for

note: the verb charge takes the preposition with
for example : She charged the man with stealing

معنى الملاحظة هذه: هو ان الفعل charge والذي ياتي ايضا بمعنى يتهم يستخدم معه حرف الجر with
ترجمة المثال : هي اتهمت الرجل بالسرقة. فهذا المثال له نفس معنى المثال السابق الا اننا استخدمنا في هذا المثال فعل مختلف وحرف الجر المناسب له.

3- Don't say : I'm accustomed with hot weather.
Say : I'm accustomed to hot weather .

معنى الجملة : انا معتاد على الجو الحار.
التعليق : من هذا المقال نفهم ان كلمة accustomed تاخذ حرف الجر to وليس with
accustomed to = معتاد على
note : also used to. for example : He is used to hot weather.
ملاحظة : ايضا عبارة used to معناها معتاد على فهي تساوي عبارة accustomed to في المعنى.

4- don't say : Khaled is afraid from the snake
say : Khaled is afraid of the snake

معنى الجملة : خالد خائف من الثعبان.
التعليق : من هذا المثال نفهم نا كلمة afraid والتي معناها خائف تاخذ حرف الجر of وليس from
afraid of = خائف من

5-
don't say : Fahad aimed his gun on (or against) the target
say: Fahad aimed his gun at the target
معنى الجملة : صوب فهد بندقيته باتجاه الهدف.
التعليق :من هذا المثال نفهم ان الفعل aim يأخذ حرف الجر at
وليس on او against
aim at = يصوب- يوجه باتجاه ( شي او شخص معين)

note: use the preposition at to denote direction

ترجمة الملاحظة: من استخدامات حرف الجر at انه يستخدم للدلالة على الاتجاه واليك الامثلة التالية:
throw at = يرمي باتجاه ( على سبيل المثال حجر او كرة)
shout at = يصرخ بوجه (شخص معين)
shoot at = fire at = يطلق النار على (شخص او شيء معين)
ملاحظة : الفعل shoot اذا اتى بدون حرف الجر at فان معناه هو يقتل وليس يطلق النار .

6- don't say : The teacher was angry against Ahmad
say : The teacher was angry with/at Ahmad
معنى الجملة : كان المدرس ا من أحمد.
with / at = تعني انك لو استخدمت حرف الجر with او at فكلاهما صحيح ولكن لايجوز استخدامهما معا.
ملاحظة : اذا كنت انت من شخص فان لك الخيار ان تستخدم حرفي الجر at او with مع كلمة angry اما اذا كنت ا من شي وعندما اقول شيء فاقصد بذلك كل شيء ماعدا الانسان فانك تستخدم حرفي الجر at او about لناخذ المثال التالي:
The passengers are angry at/ about the delay of the flightمعنى المثال السابق: المسافرون ون من تأجيل الرحلة.

من ذلك نستنتج ان حرف الجر at يستخدم مع كلمة angry سواءا استخدمت هذه الكلمة مع انسان او شيء اما حرف الجر with فهو يستخدم معها اذا استخدمت مع انسان وحرف الجر about اذا استخدمت مع شيء.

ولولا الاطالة لاسهبت اكثر فيما يتعلق بكلمة angry

7- don't say: They are anxious for his health
say : They are anxious about his health
معنى الجملة : انهم قلقون بشان صحته.
or say : They are anxious for their children
معنى الجملة : انهم قلقون بشأن اطفالهم

من الجملتين السابقتين يتبين لنا ان معنى كلمة anxious هو قلق بشأن
لكن اذا كنت قلق بشان انسان فانك تستخدم حرف الجر for مع كلمة anxious اما اذا كنت قلق بشان شيء ما وقد عرفنا سابقا ما المقصود بكلمة شيء فانك تستخدم حرف الجر about مع كلمة anxious

ملاحظة : قد تأتي كلمة anxious بمعنى متشوق الى واذا اتت بهذا المعنى فانه يستخدم معها حرف الجر for في جميع الحالات .مثال على ذلك:

The parents are anxious for their children's success
الوالدان متشوقان الى نجاح ابنائهما

اتوقف عند هذا الحد ايها الاحبة والمعذرة عن الاطالة ولكن هدفنا هو نشر الفائدة قدر المستطاع واعتذر لكم عن سوء التنسيق فخبرتي في مجال التنسيق ضعيفة اضافة الى اني حاولت التنسيق باستخدام الورد لكن حينما انسخ من البرنامج الى المنتدى لاتتم عملية النسخ بشكل صحيح. وفقكم وجعل عملنا خاصلا لوجهه الكريم ولا تبخلوا ايها الاحبة علينا بأي اقتراح او نقد او تصحيح او استفسار وجزاكم الله خيرا.

[الكيميائي]

احمد العبدالله

Hi:


You really making great lessons .

I hope you don't stop and if you need anything ,just ask we all here to help. We really supporting you and your lessons are nothing, but great achievement for us all in here.

I pray to GOD helping you forward with your lessons!!



Thanks again

[القعقاع]

قمة الروعه

[Lion Heart]

Well done Abdulah
I observed that you fell in a mistake and hope you received my reply
You said: Don`t say = The man was absorbed at his work
but say = The man was absorbed in his work
The mistake is
We don`t say at his work but we say at work
So the sentence after the correction will be
The man was absorbed in work
The words like work, bed and home is alike Examples
I will go home
It`s too late, go to bed now
Remember this wise..... Who he makes no mistakes makes nothing
I want to correct you
that`s all
Thanks for your cooperation

[Lion Heart]

Well done

I observed that you fell in a mistake in your issue and hope you will receive my reply
You said: Don`t say = The man was absorbed at his work
but say = The man was absorbed in his work
The mistake is
We don`t say at his work but we say at work
So the sentence after the correction will be
The man was absorbed in work

The words like work, bed and home is alike Examples
I will go home
It`s too late, go to bed now

Remember this wise..... Who he makes no mistakes makes nothing
I want to correct you
that`s all

[أحمد العبدالله]

Excuse me my dear because I didn't notice your reply and I appreciate highly your remark.

My dear, as to the sentence : He was absorbed in his work. you said that it is a mistake to say that , in fact I don't agree with you that it is a mistake and you can check any book of English Usage or send a message to any English site , at the same time I doubt the correctness of the sentence : He is absorbed in work.
Besides, the sentence : (He is absorbed in his work) is exactly taken from that book mentioned in the lesson and the author of that book is a famous British author.

For these reasons, I think it is not a mistake but you can say it is commoner to say absorbed in work ( supposing that it is coorect). And by the way I'd like to draw your attention to what I think are mistakes :

1- you said :"I observed that you fell in a mistake" I think this is a literal translation from Arabic because in English they say you made a mistake or you did a mistake.
2- you said: " The words like work, bed and home is alike " and I think you should have said ( are alike) because the subject is plural.
3- you said:"Remember this wise" I think you wanted to say wisdom , even if you use the word wisdom I think it is not correct ,but the correct word is "saying"

* My dear Lion Heart I ask you not to think of my corrections to be a kind of revenge, no my dear, please think of them as a sign of cooperation between us.

thank you very much for your remark and I wish you good luck.

with the compliments of your brother
Ahmad

[Lion Heart]

Thanks alot Ahmad
Info assimilated
I admit that I had mistakes in the grammatical writting
Neither me nor anyone could get away from the mistakes
but there I have to say something
If I were being so rude with you , I believe that you will accept my apology
By the way
What did you mean about revenge,pal? Hold that thought
I didn`t intend of such a kind like this because there are no reasons will make me hate you
that`s all what I want to say for your attitude tward me

Between you and me, I would not worry about this

Thanks for your cooperation

Bye